The general methodology of CTP can be applied to most existing industrial flows. CTP has developed solid expertise in sampling and in the characterization of industrial by-products, in the development of release and separation procedures for a fraction at processing costs compatible with ultimate valorization. For mineral by-products, the favoured recycling method (but not the only one) is incorporation as partial substitution in hydraulic binding phases in materials, for example looking for solid-gas reactions in a wet environment. With regard to organic by-products, energetical use following pre-processing (sorting and separation, densification or agglomeration then conditioning) remains the standard usage.
